Mature adult Sumatran rhinoceros can around 600 to 1,000 kg. Sumatran rhinoceroses grow 2 to 4 m long and 1 to 1.5 m tall at their shoulders. As calves approach adulthood, their hair becomes sparser and darker, eventually turning black upon maturity. Newborn calves are covered in thick hair, which is a light reddish-brown color. In females, both horns are significantly reduced, and appear as short knobs. In males, the front horn usually ranges from 25 to 80 cm long and the posterior horn grows no larger than 10 cm. Sumatran rhinoceroses have two horns on their heads. #Sumatran rhinoceros drawing skin#They are also commonly called hairy rhinoceroses, due to the dense hair that covers their body, which helps keep mud caked on their bodies to keep them cool in the hot summer.ĭistinct characteristics of Sumatran rhinoceroses are fringed ears, reddish-brown skin covered in long hair, and wrinkles around their eyes. Sumatran rhinoceroses are the smallest species of rhinoceros (family Rhinocerotidae). ( Corbet and Hill, 1992 Foose and van Strien, 1997) In Borneo and Sumatra, they are found most often in lowlands by the Sundaland River and in swamps. Although they prefer upland habitats, Sumatran rhinoceroses are found occasionally in swampy wetlands. Specific habitats include dense highland and lowland tropical and sub-tropical forests. Sumatran rhinoceroses live in upland forests around Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo, at elevations up to 2,000 m above sea level. As of 2015, most populations are restricted to national parks in Sumatra and Malaysia, although there are a few groups found in the wild near the border of Thailand and Malaysia. Smaller populations of around 10 individuals were reported in Thailand, Burma and Indochina. As of 1992, there were small populations of 50 individuals each in Borneo, Sumatra, and Malaysia. However, their current range is more restricted, and they are uncommon throughout this range. English explorers used to report seeing as many as 60 rhinos per day in the 19 th Century.Sumatran rhinoceroses ( Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) had a historic range that included Assam, Burma and Indochina to Malaysia, and areas in northern Sumatra and northwestern Borneo. They have had almost the opposite population trend to white rhinos. This advert features a black rhino, a species that is now critically endangered as a result of habitat loss and overhunting. This was the period where Victorian adventurers would take trips to hunt big game, and as a result, most of the images produced at this time depict either human hunting of rhinos or the animals as vicious, angry beasts.įor most Europeans now, big-game hunting of rhinos is unthinkable, but it was so commonplace that in 1952, Texaco produced this advert which is, quite rightly, horrifying today: Texaco advertisement produced in 1952 specifically targeted at big game hunters. Image from the Rhino Resource Center An ugly turn…Ĭlara’s influence extended into the 19 th Century but was diminished with the startling realization that not all rhinos looked the same. The text next to the sailor reads “Would you like to take a sip?” Image of Clara in Krakow, 1745 by Douwe Mout. Her image too was plastered all over artwork, sigils and even human anatomy textbooks. This image was the defining rhino for over 200 years in Europe, until another Indian rhino, a live one this time, (called Clara) went on a European tour in the 18 th Century and became arguably the most iconic animal celebrity of all time. For the largely illiterate Europe at this time, the proliferation of this image sparked the imagination, and rhinos were included in the background of a variety of biblical Renaissance pieces. This image coincided with the invention of the printing press, and thousands of copies were produced for the first time. Greater One-horned Rhino, Rhinoceros unicornis
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